Anti federalist Papers No. 22 Articles of Confederation Simply Requires Amendments, Particularly For Commercial Power and Judicial Power; Constitution Goes Too Far

Benjamin Austin of Massachusetts, used the pen-name "CANDIDUS." Taken from two letters by "Candidus" which appeared in the [Boston] Independent Chronicle, December 6 and 20, 1787.

.... Many people are sanguine for the Constitution, because they apprehend our commerce will be benefited. I would advise those persons to distinguish between the evils that arise from extraneous causes and our private imprudencies, and those that arise from our government. It does not appear that the embarrassments of our trade will be removed by the adoption of this Constitution. The powers of Europe do not lay any extraordinary duties on our oil, fish, or tobacco, because of our government; neither do they discourage our ship building on this account. I would ask what motive would induce Britain to repeal the duties on our oil, or France on our fish, if we should adopt the proposed Constitution? Those nations laid these duties to promote their own fishery, etc., and let us adopt what mode of government we please, they will pursue their own politics respecting our imports and exports, unless we can check them by some commercial regulations.

But it may be said, that such commercial regulations will take place after we have adopted the Constitution, and that the northern states would then become carriers for the southern. The great question then is, whether it is necessary in order to obtain these purposes, for every state to give up their whole power of legislation and taxation, and become an unwieldy republic, when it is probable the important object of our commerce could be effected by a uniform navigation act, giving Congress full power to regulate the whole commerce of the States? This power Congress have often said was sufficient to answer all their purposes. The circular letter from the Boston merchants and others, was urgent on this subject. Also the navigation act of this state [Massachusetts], was adopted upon similar principles, and . . . was declared by our Minister in England, to be the most effectual plan to promote our navigation, provided it had been adopted by the whole confederacy.

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Anti Federalist Papers No 22, The Articles of Confederation from Chuck Thompson

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Liberty's Kids 28, Not Yet Begun To Fight, Battle of the Hook Pre Show

Battle of the Hook pre show, Liberty's kids episode number 28, Not Yet Begun To Fight.  We are now less than 2 weeks away from what will be the biggest and best American Revolutionary War reenactment of the year, to be held in Gloucester, Virginia.  If you have not made plans to attend yet and want to attend,  and you will be planning an overnight stay, your options of where to stay are now very limited as the area is surely booked solid for miles.  Do not let that stop you.  This event will be well worth it no matter where you have to stay.

  See below for more information.

Benjamin Franklin Announces The Battle of the Hook from Chuck Thompson

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Federalist Papers No. 22. The Same Subject Continued (Other Defects of the Present Confederation)

From the New York Packet. Friday, December 14, 1787.

HAMILTON

To the People of the State of New York:

IN ADDITION to the defects already enumerated in the existing federal system, there are others of not less importance, which concur in rendering it altogether unfit for the administration of the affairs of the Union.

The want of a power to regulate commerce is by all parties allowed to be of the number. The utility of such a power has been anticipated under the first head of our inquiries; and for this reason, as well as from the universal conviction entertained upon the subject, little need be added in this place. It is indeed evident, on the most superficial view, that there is no object, either as it respects the interests of trade or finance, that more strongly demands a federal superintendence. The want of it has already operated as a bar to the formation of beneficial treaties with foreign powers, and has given occasions of dissatisfaction between the States. No nation acquainted with the nature of our political association would be unwise enough to enter into stipulations with the United States, by which they conceded privileges of any importance to them, while they were apprised that the engagements on the part of the Union might at any moment be violated by its members, and while they found from experience that they might enjoy every advantage they desired in our markets, without granting us any return but such as their momentary convenience might suggest. It is not, therefore, to be wondered at that Mr. Jenkinson, in ushering into the House of Commons a bill for regulating the temporary intercourse between the two countries, should preface its introduction by a declaration that similar provisions in former bills had been found to answer every purpose to the commerce of Great Britain, and that it would be prudent to persist in the plan until it should appear whether the American government was likely or not to acquire greater consistency.(1)

Several States have endeavored, by separate prohibitions, restrictions, and exclusions, to influence the conduct of that kingdom in this particular, but the want of concert, arising from the want of a general authority and from clashing and dissimilar views in the State, has hitherto frustrated every experiment of the kind, and will continue to do so as long as the same obstacles to a uniformity of measures continue to exist.

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Federalist Papers No 22, Defects of The Present Confederation 2 from Chuck Thompson

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Sunday Comics - Gasoline Alley

Souvenirs - Gasoline Alley - 1918 from Chuck Thompson

From 1918 comes this comic strip of Gasoline Alley.  You will want to view this in full screen mode.  To do so, left click the icon at the far bottom right hand side of the Slideshare container.  To exit full screen, hit the escape key on your keyboard.  Vintage comic strips from a time long gone.  Enjoy.

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Liberty's Kids 26, Honor and Compromise, Battle of the Hook Pre Show

Battle of the Hook Pre Show.  Liberty's Kids episode number 26, Honor and Compromise.  Only a few short weeks before the major event coming here to Gloucester, Virginia.  This will be an event that you do not want to miss.

Battle of the Hook from Chuck Thompson

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Anti Federalist Papers No. 21 Why The Articles Failed

This essay is composed of excerpts from “CENTINEL” letters appearing in the (Philadelphia) Independent Gazetteer, October 5 and November 30, 1787.

That the present confederation is inadequate to the objects of the union, seems to be universally allowed. The only question is, what additional powers are wanting to give due energy to the federal government? We should, however, be careful, in forming our opinion on this subject, not to impute the temporary and extraordinary difficulties that have hitherto impeded the execution of the confederation, to defects in the system itself. For years past, the harpies of power have been industriously inculcating the idea that all our difficulties proceed from the impotency of Congress, and have at length succeeded to give to this sentiment almost universal currency and belief.

The devastations, losses and burdens occasioned by the late war; the excessive importations of foreign merchandise and luxuries, which have drained the country of its specie and involved it in debt, are all overlooked, and the inadequacy of the powers of the present confederation is erroneously supposed to be the only cause of our difficulties. Hence persons of every description are revelling in the anticipation of the halcyon days consequent on the establishment of the new constitution. What gross deception and fatal delusion! Although very considerable benefit might be derived from strengthening the hands of Congress, so as to enable them to regulate commerce, and counteract the adverse restrictions of other nations, which would meet with the concurrence of all persons; yet this benefit is accompanied in the new constitution with the scourge of despotic power . . .

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Anti Federalist Papers No 21, Why The Articles Failed from Chuck Thompson

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Liberty's Kids 25, Allies At Last, Battle of the Hook Pre Show

Battle of the Hook pre show with Liberty's Kids episode number 25, Allies at Last.  We are coming up very quickly on this years most incredible American Revolutionary re enactment event.  A show you are not going to want to miss if you are the least bit of a history buff.  These events are few and far between and rarely are they this large.  This will be truly an event not to miss that you will remember for the rest of your life.

Gloucester, Virginia Crier - Battle of the Hook from Chuck Thompson

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